Spinning- hemp



TTF@ STATES PATENT FFTCE.

JNO. MCCULLY, 0F SALEM, MASSACHUSETTS.

SPINNING HET/IP, 66o.

Specification of Letters Patent o. L1,638, dated J'u1y 14, 1846.

T 0 all w/wm t may concern.'

Be it known that I, loi-IN MGCULLY, of Salem, in the county of Essex and State of Massachusetts, have made a new and useful invention of certain improvements in machinery for spinning hemp, or various other fibrous materials to which the same notes a top view of a flyer and bobbin, hav' ing my improvements applied to them, the said figure also showing the support-ing frame. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same, and the said frame, and various other parts to be hereinafter described. Fig. 3 is an end elevation of the above. Fig. l is a vertical, central, and longitudinal section of the flyer, bobbin, etc. Fig. 5 is a transverse and vertical section of the saine, taken through the circular annulus or ring, which encompasses the legs of the iiier.

A, in the drawings, represents a flier, and B, a bobbin arranged within it, and supported in place by a spindle C, extending through the necks or journals D, E, of the said flier. The said necks are supported and revolve in boxes F, G, aixed upon the upper part of a suitable sustaining frame H.

My first improvement consists in the mechanism by which the yarn is distributed, over the bobbin or from head to head of it during the operation of spinning and winding it on the bobbin. Motion is given to the flier by means of a driving band passing around a pulley I placed upon its neck D. The yarn to be twisted is taken from the usual draw rollers and passed through the the neck D of the flier, thence out at the side of t-he neck, and between two guide pulleys, K, L, and over the latter as represented in the drawings by redlines. From thence the yarn is carried about a pulley M, fixed upon one of two slides, N, O, which are disposed respectively, upon the legs a, 5, of the flier and traverse or play loosely thereon, and carry a circular annulus or ring P, which is attached to them, surrounds the flier legs, and plays (when revolved by the flier), in thegrooves of two grooved guide pulleys, Q, R, which are sustained by'and turn in the tops of standards S, T, which project upward from a horizontal carriage U, extending transversely underneath the annulus I), and flier and bobbin, as seen in the drawings. -The said carriage U, is supported by and moves upon parallel guide rods V, V. The carriage U has a reciprocating rectilinear movement on the rods V, V, imparted to it by'means of a heart cam W, which acts upon an upright lever X through a connecting bar Y, the Cam operating against studs Z, Z, projecting from the bar Y as seen in the drawings. As the fiier is revolved, it carries the circular annulus around with it, and as the carriage U is moved on its guide bars, it moves the annulus with it. Such a movement of the annulus regularly distributes the yarn over the bobbin. Thelannulus by embracing the iiier legs as it does, serves to counteract the effect of centrifugal force upon them. By the employment of the annulus, in combination with the flier and carriage, I am enabled to make useof a very short flier instead of a long one as commonly employed, when the bobbin is moved backward and forward, in a longitudinal direction through it. v

The next part of my invention is that by which I cause the bobbin to take up the yarn, as fast as it is spun or twisted by the flier. c, Figs. l, 2, 3, 4 denotes a circular disk or plate of metal secured or otherwise made fast to the main frame H, in the po-v sition represented in the drawings. The spindle C upon which the bobbin B rests, passes and turns freely through the central part of the said disk, and has xed upon it, and in apposition with the disk, another disk CZ. The inner faces of the two disks are turned out and filled with common anti friction composition metal, in order to prevent them from wearing away too fast, the said metal being represented at e, f. A. lever g whose fulcrum is at 71., is applied to the external plate or disk CZ, in such manner as to bear at one end against it and be pressed in contact with it, with the degree of force required, by means of a regulating screw z', adapted to the lever as seen in the drawings. When the plate or disk d is pressed against the fixed disk c, friction will be created during the revolution of the former in such manner asto retard or prevent the rotation of the bobbin, and cause it to take up the yarn as fast as spun. I do not deem the :tp-

plication of friction to a bobbin to retard it, and make it take up the yarn, as constituting my invention, but that which I do consider as my improvement, is the manner in which the friction is produced and regulated, when the bobbin and flier are placed horizontally. as by a combination of fixed and movable disks, (applied `to the main frame and spindle), and a regulating screw and lever as above specified.

My next improvement is that by which I prevent the yarn from twisting unevenly, or kinking, while the annulus is being moved toward that neck of the flyer, through which the yarn passes. It will be readily seen that when the annulus is moved in an opposite direction, or away from the last mentioned flier neck, it creates a certain drag or draft upon the yarn, which (draft) will be diminished to a considerable degree when it returns toward the said neck. In other machines, such a diminution of the draft creates an unevenness or kinking up of the yarn. In order to prevent such an irregularity in the spinning operation, I employ a lever 7c, and a semicircle or cam Z. The lever 7c is arranged as seen in the drawings, and turns upon a fulcrum at m, and has a regulating screw n inserted through its upper end. The said upper end of it is placed so as to bring the regulating screw n to act against the lever g, aforedescribed. The cam Z is made semicircular, or has any other `proper shape, and is applied upon a horizontal shaft o. It should be so arranged upon the said shaft as to meet the lower end of the lever, at the moment the annulus 1. The annulus P, in combination with the fiier and carriage beneath it, the whole `being constructed and operating substantially 1n the manner, and for the purpose.

as described.

Q. I also claim, the combination of the fixed and rotary friction disks, and lever g, and its regulating screw, as the same isapplied to the bobbin spindle and frame, fnd made to operate substantially as speci- 3. I also claim the lever la, and semicircle or cam Z, in combination with the lever g of the disk d, the same being for the purpose as described. l

In testimony that the foregoing is a true description of my said invention and improvements, I have hereto set my signature, this eleventh day of March in the year eighteen hundred and forty siX.

JOHN MCCULLY.

Witnesses:

R. I-I. EDDY, J. WHITMORE, Jr. 

